Which statement best describes "ceiling" in relation to aviation weather reports?

The term "ceiling" in aviation weather reports specifically refers to the height of the lowest cloud base above the ground level. This measurement is crucial for pilots as it indicates the altitude at which clouds are present and plays a significant role in determining whether visual flight rules (VFR) or instrument flight rules (IFR) apply. A low ceiling can limit visibility and affect safe aircraft operations, requiring pilots to rely more on instruments rather than visual references. Understanding this helps ensure that flights are conducted safely and legally within regulated airspace.

The other options address different aspects of aviation weather or operations but do not accurately define "ceiling." Overall visibility range pertains to how far one can see, which is related but distinct from cloud heights. The maximum altitude for aircraft operations is related to airspace regulations and flight safety but does not describe cloud base. Lastly, temperature at a given altitude is important for various aviation factors but does not pertain to the definition of ceiling in meteorological terms.